 New Richard Caruso Molecular Steam Hairsetting System Rollers Curlers US $59.99 
|
 Richard Caruso MOLECULAR Happy 3 Way Travel HAIRSETTER HOT HAIR CURLERS ROLLERS US $24.95
|
Is the term of emotional intelligence needed?
In, 1999, John D. Mayer and Peter Salovey published the article in which they presented a new term of emotional intelligence. The authors understand the emotional intelligence as a group of abilities: to perceive and express emotion, assimilate emotion in thought, understand and reason with emotion and regulate emotion in the self and others. Few years later, in 1996, Daniel Goleman defined emotional intelligence as a set of competencies and skills.
From this time there is an ongoing debate in the research papers which is focused on the nature of emotional intelligence (see for example: Matthews, Roberts, Zeidner, 2004; Martowska, 2007; Matczak, 2005; Matczak, 2006; Mayer, Salovey, Caruso, Sitarenios, 2001).
Some authors (for example Gerald Matthews, Richard D. Roberts, Moshe Zeidner) suggest that we don't need the new intelligence and we should not name this new term as emotional intelligence (Matthews, Roberts, Zeidner, 2004). They highlight that it's not possible for the emotional intelligence to meet the criteria required for a traditional, cognitive intelligence test. The most important criterion is that: the intelligence should be operationalized as a set of abilities and the intelligence tests should have one correct answer.
The approach of Goleman does not conform to these criteria, who includes a set of emotional competencies within. And it's clear that in psychology emotional competencies are defined as skills not as abilities.
But we can argue that Mayer and Salovey (1990, 1999) define emotional intelligence as a set of abilities. The opponents suggest that we shouldn't overlook the fact that there is huge difference between self-report and ability-based tests. Cognitive abilities are measures of performance and they assess the ability to solve problems in various cognitive domains. They also argue that we should take into consideration the fact that in psychology self-report test are usually used to assess personality traits.
Mayer, Salovey, Caruso and Sitarenios (2001) give arguments to prove their point of view that the model they proposed is hierarchical and the status of abilities in this model is different. For example emotional understanding is most allied with cognitive and abstract reasoning and it is most cognitively saturated. And in practice, what data show, emotional understanding does correlate most highly with IQ. On the other hand emotion management creates an interface between the cognitive system and the more general personality system. It means that emotion management is actually less cognitive than emotional understanding. In spite of these arguments Mayer and Salovey think that the most important now is not to ask if emotional intelligence exists or if it is "really" intelligence but it is important if emotional intelligence seems to be an important predictor of various outcomes at school, work and home. And some data show that emotional intelligence is good predictor of well being, life satisfaction, greater satisfaction in relationship, stress coping, academic success. The authors (Mayer, Salovey, Caruso, Sitarenios, 2001) summarize: "that the development and understanding traditional cognitive intelligence requires a number of years and research. The most widely used cognitive scales of intelligence – The Wechsler Intelligence Scales, are the product of 60 years of research (…) and was initiated after an earlier 40 years of work on the clinical assessment of intelligence". And the term of emotional intelligence is quite young – it is 11 years old now and is full of promise.
References
Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ. New York-Toronto-London-Sydney-Auckland: Bantam Books.
Goleman, D. (1997). Inteligencja emocjonalna. Poznań: Media Rodzina of Poznań.
Goleman, D. (1999). Inteligencja emocjonalna w praktyce. Poznań: Media Rodzina.
Matthews, G., Roberts, R. D., Zeidner, M. (2004). Seven myths about emotional intelligence. Psychological Inquiry, 15, 3, 179-196.
Martowska, K. (2007). Cechy środowiska rodzinnego a inteligencja emocjonalna u dzieci. Studia Psychologica, 7, 181-194.
Matczak, A. (2005). Uwarunkowania inteligencji emocjonalnej i kompetencji społeczno-
emocjonalnych. Raport końcowy z realizacji projektu 2 H01 F 062 23 w latach 2002-2005. Warszawa.
Matczak, A. (2006). Natura i struktura inteligencji emocjonalnej. Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka, 13,
59-87.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., Caruso, D. R., Sitarenios, G. (2001). Emotional Intelligence as a Standard Intelligence. Emotion, 1, 3, 232-242.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P. (1999). Czym jest inteligencja emocjonalna? W: P. Salovey,
D. Sluyter (red.), Rozwój emocjonalny a inteligencja emocjonalna. Poznań: Dom
Wydawniczy Rebis.
Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional Intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9, 3, 185-211.
About the Author
Katarzyna Martowska - psychologist and academic teacher, was born on August, 26, 1977, in Krosno (Poland). MA psychology (Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw), Post-graduate Studies Human Resources Management (University of Finance and Management).
Recently Purchased Hair Care Products:
Tags: art, dvd, film, galleries, richard caruso, richard caruso molecular hairsetter, richard caruso prison, richard caruso rollers, richard caruso steam rollers, shopping
